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РУБРИКИ |
Лекции по английскому (полный курс) |
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Лекции по английскому (полный курс)month evening year summer In 1987, in May, two days ago, from … till, all day long, the whole day Упражнения на закрепление: 1.. Поставьте глагол в прошедшее время. a. Yesterday he (go) to work by car. b. I (watch) television yesterday evening. c. He (write) a letter to Jane last week. d. The accident (happen) last Sunday afternoon. e. When I was a child, I (want) to be a judge. f. We (leave) home at 8.30 this morning. g. They (do) their shopping last Monday. h. Ann (take) photographs last Sunday. 2. Завершите предложения, поставив глагол в отрицательную форму. Пример: I saw John but I didn’t see Mary. a. They worked on Monday but they … on Tuesday. b. We went to the shop but we … to the bank. c. She had e pen but she … a paper. d. Jack did Spanish at University but he … English. e. I sent a letter to tom but I … to Mike. f. She went to the post office but she … to the hospital. g. I spoke English when I was a child but I … French. h. I ate meat yesterday but I … fish. i. He read a newspaper yesterday evening but he … a magazine. 3. Образуйте общий вопрос. Пример:. I watched TV last night. And you? Did you watch TV last night? a. I enjoyed the party. And you? …. b. I had a good holiday. And you? …. c. I got up early this morning. And you? …. d. I slept well last night. And you? …. e. I worked hard yesterday. And you? …. f. I went to bed at eleven o’clock yesterday. And you? …. g. I saw Tom at the party. And you? …. h. I sent three telegrams yesterday. And you? …. i. I passed the exam yesterday. And you? …. 4. Скажите, что вы делали (не делали) вчера. Пример: (watch TV) I watched TV yesterday. I didn’t watch TV yesterday. a. (get up before 7.30) b. (have a shower) c. (buy magazine) d. (speak English) e. (do an examination) f. (eat meat) g. (meet my friend) 5.Образуйте специальный вопрос. Пример: He went abroad . Where did he go? a. I met somebody. Who … ? b. Henry arrived. What time …? c. She saw somebody. Who …? d. They wanted something. What … ? e. The party finished. What time …? f. He went home early. Why …? g. We had dinner. What …? h. It cost a lot of money. How much …? 6. Разыграйте следующие и составьте аналогичныe диалоги. 6. Where were you yesterday morning? 7. I discussed a lot of problems with my manager. And you? 8. I saw many interesting things yesterday. 9. Did you buy any postcards? 10. Paul had an appointment at 11 o’clock with Mr. Brown. 11. No, he didn’t have an appointment at 11 o’clock with Mr. Brown. He had an appointment with Mr. White. 12. 7. Расскажите о вчерашнем дне, предварительно ответив на вопросы: a. What did you have for breakfast yesterday? b. Did you enjoy your breakfast? c. What did you do after breakfast? d…Did you go to work? 8. Образуйте вопрос и ответьте на него. Пример: When did you last have a holiday? - Last July. a. see a video b. go shopping c. give someone a present d. take a photograph e. send a letter f. see a friend g. have a dinner at a restaurant h. lose something i. go abroad j. stay away from classes k. tell a lie l. discuss a difficult problem with you friend m. buy a coat n. get up late in the morning o. be late to work p. make a phone call q. pay a bill r. cash a cheque 9.. Скажите три вещи, которые вы могли делать в пять лет. Пример: I could ride a bike when I was five. 10. Скажите три вещи, которые вы не могли делать в пять лет. Пример: I couldn’t use a computer when I was five. Present Perfect (Настоящее завершенное время) We use the present perfect tense for an action in the past with a result now (выражает действие, завершенное к данному моменту, результат которого налицо). We use the present perfect with ever, never, already, just yet, recently, for since, etc. Форма образования have/has + past participle of the verb Positive (положительная форма) I/we/you/they have done/finished He/she/it has done/finished Negative (отрицательная форма) I/we/you/they have not (haven’t) done/finished He/she/it has not (hasn’t) done/finished Question (вопрос) Have I/we/you/they done/finished? Has he/she/it done/finished? Examples: I have just done my work. I haven’t done my work yet. He has travelled all over the world. They have already come home. Irregulars (неправильные глаголы) Base form Past Simple Past participle Be was/were been Become became become Begin began begun Build built built Can could been able Come came come Cost cost cost Do did done Get got got Go went gone Have had had Know knew known Learn learnt learnt Make made made Read read read Say said said Take took taken Write wrote written HAVE GOT/ HAVE Have got = Have (в значении “иметь”, “обладать”). Форма “have got” чаще употребляется в разговорной речи. Форма “have got “ в прошедшем времени не употребляется. I’ve got a bad cold. но I had a bad cold last week. have got have Positive Positive I have got some money I have some money You have got some money You have some money We have got some money We have some money They have got some money They have some money He has got some money He has some money She has got some money She has some money It has got some money It has some money Negative Negative I haven’t got any money I don’t have any money You haven’t got any money You don’t have any money We haven’t got any money We don’t have any money They haven’t got any money They don’t have any money He hasn’t got any money He doesn’t have any money She hasn’t got any money She doesn’t have any money It hasn’t got any money It doesn’t have any money Questions Questions Have I got any money? Do I have any money? Have you got any money? Do you have any money? Have we got any money? Do we have any money? Have they got any money? Do they have any money? Has he got any money? Does he have any money? Has she got any money? Does she have any money? Has it got any money? Does it have any money? How much money have you got? How much money do you have? How many credit cards have I got? How many credit cards do I have? Short answers Short answers Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t. Yes, I do./ No I don’t. Yes, she has./ No, she hasn’t. Yes, she does./ No, she doesn’t. Тема 8 Past Continuous (Progressive) Tense (Прошедшее продолженное время) Настоящее Продолженное Время употребляется для обозначения действия, которое продолжалось какое-то время в прошлом в момент другого действия, выраженного, как правило, в прошедшем простом времени. Образуется прошедшее продолженное время при помощи вспомогательного глагола “ to be” в прошедшем времени и “ing” формы смыслового глагола. Сравните: Настоящее продолженное Прошедшее продолженное He is sleeping now. He was sleeping when I came. Он спит сейчас. Он спал, когда я пришел. I am reading now. I was reading when he phoned. Я читаю сейчас. Я читал, когда он позвонил. They are having dinner now. They were having dinner at 7 last night. Они обедают сейчас. Они обедали в 7 часов вечера вчера. Вопросительная и отрицательная формы образуются при помощи вспомогательного глагола “was” (“were”). Например: He was watching TV when she came. Was he watching TV when she came? He was not watching TV when she came. What was he doing when she came? What was he watching when she came? Упражнения на закрепление. 1. Задайте вопросы по образцу: Steve usually cleans his suit on Saturdays. (when Jeff phoned) Was Steve cleaning his suit when Jeff phoned? 1. Ann usually cooks dinner at 7 o’clock. (when Peter phoned) 2. Jill usually goes to the library every evening. ( when we saw her) 3. Liz plays the violin every day.( when mother came home) 4. Mr Brown reads his newspaper after supper. (when the telephone rang) 5. She usually does her homework in the afternoon. ( when Ann opened the door) 6. Jane sometimes drinks coffee with Mike. ( when her husband saw them) 2. Переведите диалог и обратите внимание на использование настоящего продолженного времени. Thomas is a student. He's staying with the Taylors, an English family. Thomas: Hello, Mrs Taylor. Can you help me? I'm doing my homework and I can't understand this word. Mrs Taytor: Which one? Oh... that’s difficult. I can't help you now.... I'm watching something... Thomas: Oh? What are you watching? Mrs Taylor: I'm watching a cowboy film. Thomas: Can Mr Taylor help me? Mrs Taylor: No, he can't now, Thomas. He's reading. Thomas: What's he reading? Mrs Taytor: He's reading a magazine. Thomas: What about Kate? Mrs Taylor: Oh, she can't help you now... she's phoning someone. Thomas: Oh? Who's she phoning? Mrs Taylor: She's phoning her boyfriend... you're asking a lot of questions tonight, Thomas! Thomas: Am I?... Well, I am practicing my English! Напишите, что делали все члены семьи Тейлор в то время, когда Томас просил ему помочь.( Переделайте настоящее продолженное время в прошедшее продолженное.) Например: When Thomas asked Mrs Taylor to help him, she was watching a cowboy film. 3. Используя образец, напишите 7 вопросов и ответьте на них . What are Jill and John doing?- They are playing tennis. 1. Mr Smith/his car 2. Mary/a letter 3. Mr and Mrs Jones/television 4. Bob/a letter 5. Arthur and Mike/ a box 6. Mrs Brown/the dishes 7. Tony/beer drinking watching carrying writing typing cleaning washing Предлоги. Времени. at 8 o’clock 10.30 midnight etc. I start work at 8 o’clock. The shops close at 5.30 p.m. on Sunday(s) 25 April New year’s Day Goodbye! See you on Friday. I don’t work on Sundays. The concert is on 22 November. - In April / June 1985 / 1750 (the) summer / spring I’m going on holiday in October. Jill left school in 1995. The garden is lovely in spring | also at the weekend at night at Christmas /Easter at the end of ... at the moment in the morning in the afternoon in the evening but on Monday morning on Friday evening, etc. Are you going away at the weekend? I can’t sleep at night. In Britain children get presents at Christmas. I’m going on holiday at the end of October. Are you busy at the moment? I always feel good in the morning. Do you often go out in the evening? I’m meeting Jill on Monday morning. Are you doing anything on Friday? | in five minutes / in a few days / in six weeks / in two years etc. - Hurry! The train leaves in five minutes. - Goodbye. I’ll see you in a few days. at on in We do not use at/ on / in before: this ... (this morning / this week...) every ...( every day / every week...) last ... (last August / last week ...) next ... ( next Monday / next week ...) - They’re going on holiday next Monday. - Last summer we went to Scotland. THE PAST PERFECT TENSE ( Прошедшее законченное время) The Past Perfect Tense( Прошедшее законченное время) употребляется для выражения прошедшего действия, которое произошло до другого действия в прошлом или которое закончилось в прошлом к определенному моменту. Например: I had already had dinner when they arrived. Я уже пообедал, когда они прибыли. He had finished his work by 2 o’clock yesterday. Он уже закончил работу к 2 часам вчера. Образуется Прошедшее законченное время при помощи прошедшей формы вспомогательного глагола “to have “ и причастия 2 ( третьей формы) cмыслового глагола. Вопросительная форма образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола “had”: Had she taken that bag before you asked her? Had they done the shopping by 3 p.m. yesterday? Why had she told him everything before his wife saw them? Отрицательная форма Прошедшего законченного времени образуется при помощи отрицательной частицы “not”, которая ставится после вспомогательного глагола “ had”: The post had not arrived when she went downstairs. Упражнения. 1. Перепишите предложения в прошедшем законченном времени, сделав все необходимые изменения: 1. I am not hungry. I have already had dinner. 2. He is not tired. He has already had a sleep. 3. She is not busy. She has already done her homework. 4. She doesn’t take the umbrella. The rain has already stopped. 5. They are not in a hurry. The train has already left. 6. We do not have to take a taxi. The car has already come. 2. Переведите на английский язык. 1. Когда я попросил Аню напечатать письмо, она сказала , что она его уже отпечатала. 2. Она сказала мне свое имя после того, как он ушел. 3. Когда они прибыли, спектакль уже начался. 4. Он уже изучал экономику до того, как уехал из Англии. 5. Он поблагодарил меня за то, что я для него сделал. 6. Когда они пришли на станцию, поезд уже отошел. 7. Она не узнала его, потому что никогда не видела его раньше Тема 9 THE FUTURE ACTION Для выражения будущего действия в современном английском языке употребляется Future Simple Give me your bag. I’ll carry it for you (решение принято в момент речи) Present Continuous I’m having an appointment tonight (запланированная встреча) Going to (собираться что-либо сделать) We are going to move to London. Future Indefinite Tense Образование Future indefinite Tense 1. Утвердительная форма Future Indefinite Tense образуется при помощи вспомогательных глаголов shall и will и формы инфинитива смыслового глагола (без частицы to). Shall употребляется с 1-м лицом единственного и множественного числа, a will с остальными лицами: I (we) shall work he (she, it) , .„ . , , ' } will work you (they) 2. В вопросительной форме Future Indefinite вспомогательный глагол ставится перед подлежащим: Shall I (we) work? Will he (you, they) work? 3. Отрицательная форма Future Indefinite образуется при помощи отрицательной частицы not, которая ставится после вспомогательного глагола: I (we) shall not work. He (you, they) will not work. 4. В вопросительно-отрицательной форме Future indefinite частица not стоит непосредственно после подлежащего: Shall I (we) not work? Will he (you, they) not work? |Утвердительная |Вопросительная |Отрицательная |Вопросительно-отрицат| |форма |форма |форма |ельная-форма | |I shall (will) |Shall (Will) I |I shall ( will)|Shall (Will) I not | |work |work? |not work |work? | |he (she, it) |Will he (she, |he (she, it) |Will he (she, it) not| |will work |it) work? |will not work |work? | 5. В разговорной речи обычно употребляются следующие сокращения: I'll [ail] work I shan't [ja:nt] work Shan't I work? he'll [hil] work I" II not work she'll [j'i:l] work he won't [wount] work Won't he (she, it) work? we'll [wi:l] work he'll not work You'll [ju:l] work she won't work Shan't we work? They'll [6eil] work she'll not work it won't work it will not work Won't you work? we shan't work we' II not work Won't they work? you won't work you'll not work they won't work they'll network Употребление Future Indefinite Tense Future Indefinite Tense употребляется: 1. Для выражения действия, которое совершится в будущем. Может обозначать как однократное, так и повторяющееся действие. Future Indefinite Tense переводится на русский язык будущим временем глагола совершенного и не совершенного вида, в зависимости от общего смысла предложения: Не will return to Moscow Он вернется в Москву через in a few days. несколько дней. We shall not see him til! Monday. Мы не увидим его до понедельника. They will take English lessons Они будут брать английские уроки twice a week. два раза в неделю. Примечание. Future Indefinite не употребляется в придаточных предложениях времени и условия: Не will send us a telegram as soon as the steamer arrives. If I receive a letter from him, I' II let you know. Он пошлет нам телеграмму, как только прибудет пароход. Если я получу письмо от него, я дам вам знать. Наряду с Future Indefinite, будущее время (действие) выражается также посредством: оборота а) to be going to... - собираться сделать что-либо. I am going to send him a telegram. Я собираюсь послать ему телеграмму. (Я пошлю ему телеграмму.) Не is going to spend this summer Он собирается провести свои летние vocation in the Crimea. каникулы в Крыму. (Он проведет...) б) to be + смысловой глагол (+ing) (Настоящее продолженное время) Не is taking his examination on Friday. У него экзамен в пятницу. (Он держит экзамен в пятницу.) в) Present Indefinite Tense: The steamer sails tomorrow. Пароход уходит завтра. г) shall/will + модель, представленная в пункте б) Не will be meeting us at the station. Он нас встретит (будет встречать) на вокзале. I shall be writing to him tomorrow. Я напишу (буду писать) ему завтра. Эти варианты выражения будущего действия очень часто употребляются в разговорной речи вместо Future Indefinite Tense. Особенно часто употребляется оборот to be going to для выражения намерения какого-нибудь лица совершить действие или уверенности в его совершении. If and When В придаточных предложениях времени или условия для выражения будущих действий употребляется present simple, а не future simple. When (if) he reads this book he will give it to me. Когда (если) он прочтет эту книгу, он даст ее мне. I shall send him a telegram, if I do Я пошлю ему телеграмму, если не not receive an answer to my letter, получу ответа на свое письмо. • if you see ... / if I am ... etc. for the future. For example: - If you see Ann this evening, can you ask her to phone me? We say: if you see (not 'if you will see'), if I am (not 'if I will be'). Use the present (not 'will) after if: - If I'm late this evening, don't wait for me. (not 'If I will be late') - What shall we do if it rains? (not 'if it will rain') - If I don't feel well tomorrow, I'll stay at home. -When I get home this evening, I'm going to have a shower. Упражнения 1..Вставьте if или when: 1... I'm late this evening, don't wait for me. 2 ........ I don't see you tomorrow, I'll phone you. 3. Do you mind ........ I close the window? 4 _..... I get up in the morning, Г usually drink a cup of coffee 5. Have something to eat. ........ you don't eat now, you'll be hungry later 6 John is still 1 at school. ........ he leaves school, he wants to go to university. 7 Be careful! ........ you aren't careful, you'll fall. 2. I’m going to .. or I’ll… 1. What are you going to do when you finish college? 2. What sort of job do you hope to get? 3. Where will you live? 4. Where will you live if your job is far away? 5. How will you spend your first month’s salary? 6. Are you going to travel to other countries? 7. Where do you hope to go? Тема 10 Taking phone calls. (Как принять телефонный звонок) 1. Can I help you? 2. Who is calling? 3. What name, please? 4. Can I have… ? 5. Could I speak to …? 6. I’d like to …? 1. – Good morning, Park hotel. Can I help you? - I’d like to book a room for three nights. - Yes, madam. Could I have your name, please? - Mrs. Andrews. 2. -___________Garden restaurant. Can I help you? - _____reserve a table for six, for Wednesday evening. - Yes, what name ,please? - My name is Jackson. 3. – Good evening. Fratelli’s. - ____speak to the manager ____? - Yes, who is calling? - Mr. Evans. 4. – Good morning, Carlton Hotel. Can I help you? - Hello,______reservations , please? - ________please. Make sentences. Example: morning / can / help Good morning! Can I help you? 1. afternoon /can / help 2. could / have / name 3. can / have / reservations 4. could / speak / manager 5. could / book / single room / two nights 6. could / speak / John 7. could / reserve table / for six 8. can / have / room service B. making requests with “I’d like to … “ Make sentences. Example: book / single room / three nights I’d like to book a single room for three nights. 1. book / double room / two nights 2. reserve / table for two / Tuesday evening 3. book / single room / four nights 4. speak / manager 5. reserve / table for four / Saturday / 8 p.m. 6. send / an application form 7. invite / guests / weekend 8. listen / cassette / jass New words to use: to book manager number table double name reserve application form full night single room service S U M M A R Y Now you can ( теперь Вы можете): Answer the telephone politely ( отвечать на звонок вежливо ) – “- Good morning. Can I help you?” Ask for things (попросить что-либо) – “ - Could I have your name, please?” Understand, what people want ( понять, о чем Вас просят ) – “ - I’d like a single room.” “ - Could I speak to the manager, please?” Ask who is on the phone ( спросить, кто звонит) – “ - Who is calling?” Extra words: Days of the week – Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Numbers – twenty three( but the twenty third) Giving information. 1. The hotel is in the center of the city. 2. There’s a sauna. 3. There are two bars. 4. The cost is $ 16. 50. 5. I’m Mr. Evans. 6. My name’s Evans. Заполните пропуски. Используйте краткие формы , где возможно My name (1)_____ Mr Black. I (2)____ the manager of the Savoy Hotel. The hotel (3) _____ in Main Street. There (4) _____ 100 double rooms and 20 single rooms. (5) __________ a bar and a restaurant. There (6) ______ table d’hote meals at lunchtime and table d’hote and a’ la carte in the evening. New words to use . a’ la carte exchange bureau per bar exit sauna car park disable facilities special center information street city meal swimming pool coffee shop man’s toilet table d’hote course menu women’s toilet Extra words Currencies: Pounds, Dollars, Francs, Marcs, Crowns, Yen, Pesetas Numbers. Taking reservations. (Как принять предварительный заказ ) 1) What time do you serve lunch? 2) Are you open every day? 3) from Tuesday to Sunday 4) on Monday 5) at 1 p.m. 6) What name is it? 7) How many for? Questions and answers in the Present Simple tense are for routines, timetable, and everyday state of things. Examples: Does he speak English? Yes, he does. No he doesn’t. Do you serve lunch? Yes, we do. No, we don’t. What time do you serve lunch? We serve lunch from 12.00 to 2.30. How much does a single room costs? It costs 55 pounds. A. Answer these questions. Use short answers. Example: “Do you serve lunch?” “Yes we do.” 1) Do you serve dinner? No,__ 2) Do you speak English? Yes,__ 3) Do you have a single room for tonight? No,__ 4) Does the waiter speak English? Yes,__ 5) Does the hotel have a sauna? No,__ 6) Does the bar open at six? Yes,__ 7) Does he live in London? No,__ 8) Do you know the answer? Yes,__ 9) Does he fill in the application form? Yes,__ 10) Does Kate like the weather here? Yes,__ B. Make questions and answers. Example: What time/serve/lunch/12.30 to 2.30 What time do you serve lunch? We serve lunch from 12.30 to 2.30. 1. What time /serve dinner 2. How much /single room/cost/65 pounds 3. What time /bar open/seven o’clock 4. How much /small beer/cost/1.55 pounds 5. What time/ have lunch/12.00-13.00 6. When / post office / close / 6 p.m. New words a.m. every day head waiter o’clock room close get up leave open serve closed go lunch p.m. travel post office Activity. Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about your routines/ What time you ________________get up? _______ __have breakfast? ________leave your home? _____ get to your office? How ______________ travel to college / Institute? What time ___________have lunch? __________go home? What ________do in the evening? What time __________go to bed? Extra words : Seasons – summer, autumn, winter, spring Meals – breakfast, lunch, dinner, supper Titles – Mr., Mrs., Miss, Ms. Restaurant staff – Maitre d’ hotel, waitress, waiter Passive Voiсe (Страдательный залог) Страдательный залог употребляется обычно тогда, когда неизвестно, кто совершает действие. Важно лишь, какое действие совершается и кто его испытывает. Форма страдательного залога образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в соответствующем времени, лице, числе и Past Participle (причастие прошедшего времени) смыслового глагола. Сравните: Active Voice Passive Voice They answered my question My question was answered at once at once. (by them). I’m asked меня спрашивают (всегда) I’m being asked Меня спрашивают (сейчас) I have been asked меня спросили (уже) I was asked меня спросили (вчера) I was being asked меня спросили (в тот момент) I had been asked меня уже спросили (к тому моменту) I will be asked будут спрашивать (завтра) I will have been asked спросят (уже к тому моменту) English is spoken all over the world. Are cars made in your country? He wasn’t injured in the accident. The thieves weren’t seen by anyone. I’ve been robbed! Has my car been repaired? Driving should be banned in city centres. |Простое будущее |We will quote this price. |This price will be quoted | |Время |We will not quote this price |Эта цена будет назначена. | | | |This price will not be quoted. | | | |Эта цена не будет назначена. | |Настоящее |We have already quoted this |This price has already been | |Совершенное |price. |quoted. | |Время |We have not quoted this price |Эта цена уже назначена. | | |yet. |This price has not been quoted | | | |yet. | | | |Эта цена еще не назначена. | |CAN |We can quote a lower price. |A lower price can be quoted. | | |We cannot quote a lower price. |Может быть назначена более | | | |низкая цена. | | | |A lower price cannot be quoted.| | | | | | | |Более низкая цена не может быть| | | |назначена. | Social English: . Do you want coffee? . Good idea. Could I see the wine list, please? . Would you like a dessert? . Yes, I’d like some cheese – cake, please. . How about some wine? . No, I don’t think so. . Certainly, madam. . What do you recommend? . May I suggest Martini dry? 1. Fill in the blanks using on, in, with: 2. He put the food ___ the table. 3. She likes biscuits ____ cheese. 4. The wine bottle is ____ the bucket ___ the table. 5. I’d like a green salad ____ my steak. 6. I don’t like cream ___ my coffee. 7. Do you have busy time when people are ____ holiday? 8. Sarah isn’t interested ____ sport. 9. She is always very friendly ____ us. 10. What happened ___ Mary last night? I’d like a beer. I’ll get one. I’d like some bread. I’ll get some. This spoon is dirty. I’ll get another. The water jug is empty. I’ll get some more. Respond to the following, using I’ll get; 1. There is no pepper on the table. 2. I’d like a glass of water. 3. My fork is on the floor. 4. Can I have an ash-tray? 5. Another cup of tea, please. 6. This wine glass is not clean. 7. We’ve no bread left. Extra words: Apple black-currant strawberry orange Pine- apple grape cherry plum Apricot pear lemon raison Raspberry grapefruit banana kiwi Peach gooseberry blackberry It consists of … It’s terribly salty. It contains … I don’t like to complain, but … It is made of … It’s quite uneatable. My apologies, sir. Can I get you something else? The passive is often used to describe how things are made or done. Example: The chef makes butter from flour, eggs and milk. Butter is made from flour, eggs and milk. 1. We make French dressing from oil and vinegar. 2. The restaurant serves lunch from 12 to 3. 3. The barman makes dry martinis from gin and vermouth. 4. The wine waiter opens the wine at the table. 5. The chef makes sauce from flour, milk, butter and cheese. 6. The waiters bring the dishes from the kitchen on trays. Повторим The Simple Past tense . Откройте скобки в прошедшем простом времени: 1. They ( arrive) at the hotel yesterday. 2. She ( book ) the table by phone. 3. The chef (cook ) a wonderful meal. 4. The butter ( melt) in the hot pan. 5. We (finish) our first course ten minutes ago. 6. He (thank) us for a nice evening. 7. It (rain) hard last night. 8. They ( open) the restaurant two weeks ago. Past Simple : questions and short answers. Questions in the Simple Past use did and the infinitive of the verb. Short answers use did or didn’t Examples: Did you go to Oxford? Yes, I did / No, I didn’t Задайте вопросы и ответьте на них кратко: 1.They arrived last night. 1. She spoke to the manager. 2. He telephoned the hotel. 3. Mr. Dreyton called from Italy. 4. She ordered a dry martini. 5. I went to work at 8 in the morning yesterday. 6. She stopped the boy and asked him the way. 7. He played tennis on Sunday. 8. They lived in France in 1998. 9. I wanted to cook an apple pie. Extra words: Shelfish kidney tasteless Lobster liver stringy Crab heart corked Crayfish tripe overcooked Повторим предлоги. Вставьте предлоги, где это необходимо: on, with, in, behind, for, from, at, to: 1. All the food is cooked ____ this kitchen. 2. The pastry chef is responsible ___ the hot desserts. 3. You will help ___ the pasta sauces. 4. The ovens are ___ the preparation areas. 5. You will work here ___ me. 6. We prepare sauces _____ the pasta. 7. The new commis came ____ the kitchen. 8. The new commis is ___ the early shift. 9. You start ___ 7 a.m. 10. You have a break ____ 11 ___ 12. Extra words : Receiver local call Dial long distance / trunk call International code collect call Country code telex Telephone book / directory Fax machine Payphone callbox Answerphone booth Переведите на английский язык. Помните, что “need” может иметь два значения: «что-то нуждается в том, чтобы с ним что-то было сделано» и «мне необходимо сделать что-либо» 1. My jacket needs cleaning. 2. I need some buttons sewn on … 3. You needn’t… 4. I don’t need it until… 5. I’ll send someone up. Итоговая контрольная работа. Итоговая контрольная работа заключается в выполнении трех заданий: 1 – грамматический тест по темам ; 2- сочинение на заданную тему и 3- письменные ответы на предлагаемые разговорные формулы ( 5 вариантов) Задание 1. ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕСТЫ ( Из 10 тестов на каждую тему образуют пять вариантов, т.е. по два теста на каждый вариант) Тема1 1. Выберите правильную форму глагола “to be”: I … in my first year. a. am b. are c. is 2. Укажите предложение, в котором глагол “to be” является вспомогательным: a. Mother is at home. b. What are you doing? c. I’m a businessman. 3. Укажите правильные варианты перевода: There is no telephone in the room. a. Телефона нет в комнате. b. В комнате нет телефона. 4. Выберите правильный вопрос: a. Were there many people in the bank? b. There were many people in the bank? c. In the bank there were many people? 5. Выберите правильную форму глагола “to be”: There … a few hundred judges, trained as barristers. a. is b. am c. are 6. Выберите правильное подлежащее, выраженное местоимением : … are lawyers. a. I b. he c. they 7. Выберите правильное подлежашее в предложении. … is at the entrance. a. their parents b. My car c. my friends and I 8. Укажите правильный вариант перевода: There are at least 50 000 solicitors in Britain. a. В Великобритании, по крайней мере, 50 000 адвокатов. b. По крайней мере 50 000 адвокатов в Великобритании. 9. Поставьте предложение в прошедшее время. They … at the court yesterday. a. were b. are c. will be 10. Выберите правильную форму вспомогательного глагола “to be”: You … studying law. a. was b. are c. is Тема 2 1. Выберите правильное местоимение: Do you know … foreign language? a. any b. some c. something 2. Выберите нужное по смыслу слово: We have … money, so we can’t go on holiday this year. a. little b. few c. many 3. Укажите, какое слово можно употребить вместо подчеркнутого так. Чтобы смысл предложения не изменился? We usually drink much water in hot weather. a. a lot of b. many c. few 4. Выберите нужное местоимение: I invited my friend to … place. a. me b. mine c. my 5. Выберите правильное местоимение: There is … like home. a. none b. no c. nothing 6. Выберите правильный вариант: Is this credit card …? a. yours b. your c. the yours 7.Укажите в каком из предложений можно употребить все указанные слова: many, few, a lot of, some. a. They have read 10 English books in the original. b. He likes to spend much time doing crosswords. c. There is no news today. 8. Bыберите правильное местоимение He has never been to … foreign countries. a. no b. any c. some 9. Выберите нужное по смыслу слово: I have … time, I can wait. a. many b. little c. a plenty of 10. Выберите правильный вариант. … people know the right way to do it, because it is so difficult. a. little b. few c. much Тема 3 1. Выберите правильный артикль: She’s … university teacher. a. the b. an c. a 2. Укажите правильный артикль: I like … small animals. a. a b. the c. – (nothing ) 3. Выберите правильный артикль: … tea is cold. a. the a. – (nothing) b. a 4. Выберите правильный артикль: … Mississippi is the longest river in the USA. a. a b. the c. – (nothing) 5. Выберите правильный артикль: … ice-cream is made of milk and sugar. a. – (nothing) b. the c. a 6. Выберите правильный артикль: On … Monday we open at 9 o’clock. a. a b. – (nothing) c. the 7. Выберите правильный артикль: … English are reserved. a. – (nothing) b. a c. the 8. Выберите правильный артикль: There are two cinemas in our town - … Regal and …Plaza. a. the b. a c. –(nothing) 9. Выберите правильный артикль: Britain is … island. a. an b. a c. the Тема 4 1. Выберите правильную форму глагола: We … six days a week. a. study b. studies c. are studying 2. Завершите разделительный вопрос, выбрав правильный ответ: My friend travels a lot, …? a. isn’t he ? b. doesn’t he? c. doesn’t he? 3. Выберите правильный вспомогательный глагол: … she go to the court every day? a. do b. is c. does 4. Сопоставьте английскoе предложения с русскими: I’m writing a report. a. Я пишу доклад. b. Я написала доклад. 5. Выберите правильную форму глагола. This money … enough to buy a new house. a. do b. is c. are 6. Завершите разделительный вопрос: There is nothing left, …? a. isn’t there b. is there c. isn’t it 7. Закончите предложение: He goes abroad … a. once a month b. at this moment c. next month 8. Выберите правильный глагол: British police … not normally armed. a. was b. is c. are 9. Укажите правильную форму глагола: Look out of the window. It … heavily. a. is raining b. rains c. rain 10. Согласитесь с говорящим: She speaks perfect English. a. So am I b. So do I. c. I’m too. Тема 5 1. Выберите правильный вариант: You … worry about it. a. mustn’t b. not must c. don’t must 2. Выберите правильный модальный глагол: He … speak three foreign languages. a. can b. may c. must 3. Выберите правильный вариант ответов: Must I come tomorrow? – No, you … a. can’t b. needn’t c. mustn’t 4. Выберите правильный модальный глагол: You … not go out, the lecture is not over yet. a. can b. may c. have to 5. Выберите правильный вариант: … help me? a. Can you b. Do you can c. Can you to 6. Выберите правильный модальный глагол: The sky is dark. It … rain soon. a. has to b. should c. may 7. Выберите правильный вариант: Good! I … work tomorrow. a. mustn’t b. don’t have to c. may not 8. Выберите правильный вариант перевода: My parents want me to go in for law. a. Мои родители хотят выбрать профессию юриста. b. Мои родители хотят стать юристами. c. Мои родители хотят, чтобы я выбрал профессию юриста. 9. Выберите правильный вариант перевода: I want you to invite him to the concert. a. Я хочу, чтобы ты пригласила его на концерт. b. Я хочу пригласить его на концерт. c. Я хочу пригласить тебя на концерт. 10. Выберите правильный вариант перевода: We expect you to settle her problem without delay. a. Мы рассчитываем решить ее проблему безотлагательно. b. Мы рассчитываем, что вы решите ее проблему безотлагательно. c. Мы рассчитываем, что она решит вашу проблему безотлагательно. Тема 6 1. Выберите правильную форму прилагательного : Let’s go by train. It’s much … . a. cheaper b. cheap c. more cheap 2.Выберите нужное прилагательное: Is Alan … than Jim? a. the tallest b. taller c. tall 3.Выберите правильный вариант: New Year’s Day is … popular in Britain than Christmas. a. little b. more little c. less 4.Выберите нужную форму прилагательного: It’s … if you take the train. a. quicker a. the quicker b. quick 5.Выберите правильный вариант прилагательного: Rome isn’t as … as Athens. a. older b. old c. oldest 6.Выберите правильный вариант: I haven’t got as … as you. a. the more money b. more money c. much money 7.Выберите правильный вариант: Money is important but it isn’t … thing in life. a. the most important a. the more important b. most important 8.Закончите предложение: I’m not very interested in economics. I’m … in law. a. the most b. more c. most 9.Соотнесите английский вариант с русским: The profits of this firm are much higher this year. a. Прибыль этой фирмы высокая в этом году. b. Прибыль этой фирмы намного выше в этом году. c. Прибыль этой фирмы самая высокая в этом году. 10.Соотнесите русский вариант с английским: Model A-25 is the worst model I’ve ever known. a. Модель А-25 самая плохая модель, которую я когда-либо видел. b. Модель А-25 хуже моделей, которые я когда-либо видел. c. Модель А-25 плохая модель. Тема 7 2. Выберите правильный вспомогательный глагол: … you meet her at the station yesterday? a. Did b. Was c. Do 3. Завершите разделительный вопрос, выбрав правильный вариант: You went to the court last week, …? a. wasn’t you b. didn’t you c. won’t you 4. Выберите правильную форму глагола: I … my exams and can have a good time now. a. passed b. have passed c. am passing 5. Выберите правильную форму глагола: The prices … by 20% since January. a. have risen b. rose a. raised 5. Cоотнесите английское предложение с русскими: They have come. a. Они приходили. b. Они идут. c. Они пришли. 6. Завершите разделительный вопрос, выбрав правильный вариант: He has committed a crime, …? a. wasn’t he b. didn’t he c. hasn’t he 7. Выберите правильную форму глагола: I didn’t know that it … a. was raining b. is raining c. will be raining 8. Завершите предложение: They didn’t come … . a. yet b. last night c. now 9. Oтметьте правильный вариант перевода: Она еще не получила письмо-подтверждение. a. She didn’t receive a letter of confirmation. b. She doesn’t receive a letter of confirmation. c. She hasn’t received a letter of confirmation. 10. Выберите правильную форму глагола: We met when we … in France. a. were studying b. studied c. have studied. Тема 8.1 1. Выберите правильный предлог: I’ll see you … Tuesday afternoon. a. in b. at c. on 2. Соотнесите английское предложение с русскими: She was looking for her dog. a. Она заботилась о своей собаке. b. Она искала свою собаку. c. Она смотрела на свою собаку. 3.Выберите правильный предлог: Can you finish the job … Friday? a. by b. till c. since 4. Выберите правильный предлог: The criminals held … the train and took all the money. a. up b. out c. over 5. Выберите правильный предлог: My mother suffers … headaches. a. by b. from c. with 6. Выберите правильный предлог: John is interested … politics. a. for b. about c. in 7.Выберите правильный предлог: She invited him to her house … making inquires about him. a. after b. on c. at 8. Соотнесите русское предложение с английскими: Он вошел и оглядел комнату. a. He came in and looked at. b. He came in and looked around. c. He came in and looked for. 9.Выберите правильный предлог: You can rely … on her being honest. a. in b. for c. on 10.Выберите правильный перевод предложения: Когда вылетает самолет? a. When does the plane take off? b. When does the plane take on? c. When does the plane touch down? 8.2. Впишите in или at. 1. ‘Where’s Tina?’ ‘She’s at work’ 2. Why didn’t the bus-driver stop .......... the bus-stop? 2. Go straight on ........roundabout and turn right .......the church. 3. There was a big table ........the middle of the room. 4. What’s the longest river ........ the world? 5. Were there many people .......the concert on Friday? 6. My brother is studying mathematics ........ London University. 7. ‘Where does your sister live?’ ‘..........Brussels’ 8. Did you read about the accident .....the newspaper? 9. Will you be ..........home tomorrow afternoon? 10. Munich is a large city ..........the south of Germany. 11. ‘Do you work?’ ‘No, I’m still ..........school.’ 8.3. Впишите to или in. 1. ‘Where’s Jack?’ ‘In bed.’ 2. I’m going ..........the shop to buy some milk. 3. Tom went ...........the kitchen to make some coffee. 4. ‘Where’s Tom?’ ‘He’s ........the kitchen making some coffee.’ 5. Would you like to go ..........the theatre this evening? 6. I got a postcard from Sue this morning. She’s on holidays .... Switzerland. 7. John lives ......... a small village ....... the south-west of England. 8. What time do you usually go ...... bed? 9. Kevin’s sister is very ill. She is ..... hospital. 10. Excuse me, I must go ........ the toilet. 11. The train left Brussels at 7 o’clock and arrived .....Paris at 9.30. 12. I was tired this morning. I stayed .......... bed until 10 o’clock. Тема 9 1. Выберите правильный вариант: What time … Pat and Peter … for dinner tonight? a. are … coming b. do … come c. have … come 2. Завершите предложение: I’m meeting Lane after work … . a. today b. every day c. sometimes 3. Выберите правильный вариант глагола в придаточном предложении: If you … to our terms we’ll give you a discount. a. agreed b. will agree d. agree 4. Выберите правильный вариант: Give me a ring … you know the time of your flight back. a. until b. as soon as c. since 5. Соотнесите русский вариант с английскими: If we don’t hurry up we’ll be late. a. Если ли бы мы не поспешили, мы бы опаздали. b. Если мы не спешим, мы не опаздываем. c. Если мы не поспешим, мы опаздаем. 6. Выберите правильный вариант: What do you usually do … you come home? a. till b. when c. until 7. Найдите правильный вариант главного предложения: If the weather is fine … a. we shall have a good time. b. we should go to the country. c. they spent the day outside. 8. Выберите правильную форму глагола: If I … the letter tomorrow, I’ll phone you. a. receive b. will receive c. received 9. Укажите правильный вариант перевода: If I meet her today I shall tell her the truth. a. Если бы я встретила ее сегодня, я бы рассказала ей всю правду. b. Если я встречу ее сегодня, я расскажу ей всю правду. c. Если я встречаю ее, я рассказываю ей всю правду. 10. Выберите правильный вариант: I’ll pay you back the money … I get my next pay cheque. a. when b. before c. after Тема 10 1. Из данных английских грамматических форм выберите нужную для перевода следующих предложений: Студентов экзаменуют два раза в год. a. will be examined b. were examined a. are examined 2. Выберите правильную форму глагола: English … almost in 45 countries of the world. a. speak b. is spoken c. are being spoken 3. Выберите правильную форму глагола: Visitors were reminded that it … to take photographs in the museum. a. was forbidden b. is forbidden c. forbids 4. Найдите соответствие в английском: Мою квартиру ограбили: a. My apartment will be stolen. b. My apartment burgled. a. My apartment was burgled. 5. Выберите правильную форму глагола: Newspapers … only in the evening today. a. were brought b. will be brought c. is brought 6. Найдите соответствие в русском: The picture has been sold for & 3,000. a. Картину продадут за &3,000. b. Картину продают за & 3,000. c. Картина продана за & 3,000. 7. Найдите правильный вариант глагола для перевода предложения на английский язык: Пассажиров просят пройти на посадку самолету. a. are requested b. request c. were requested 8. Выберите правильный вариант: Two pictures … from the museum last night. a. are stolen b. were stolen c. have been stolen 9. Завершите предложение: The new building of Moscow University was being built … a. when I entered the History faculty. b. now. c. lately 10. Выберите правильную форму глагола: “Robinson Crusoe” … by Daniel Defoe. a. have been written b. was written c. is written Задание 2. ( темы письменных сочинений): 1. Write the biography of one of your favourite actors , writers or artists or a music group. 2. A recent news story – something that happened in your town, country or the world. 3. Write the recipe off your favourite dish. 4. Is there a generation gap between you and your parents? 5. What are your plans for the nearest future and do you have long-termed plans? 6. Give the descriptions of one of your visits to some other town , city or country. 7. What would you advise a foreigner to see and do in your city? 8. What do you know about Napoleon, Columbus, Elizabeth II, Thatcher? 9. What should people on Earth do in order to save our planet? 10. The most important event of the XX century. Задание 3. Выучите предлагаемые ответы либо предложите свои ответы и ответьте на вопросы письменно: 1. What are you doing tonight ? I don’t know yet. I’m in two minds. 2. Would you like to go out ? / Do you feel like going to … Yes , that’s a good idea / That sounds like a good idea . / Well , I cant say I feel like it really. / No , I don’t think that’s such a good idea. / I think I would rather stay at home. 3. Have you been to … Have you seen Andrew recently ? No, I haven’t . He is away / Yes , I have . He is working hard, revising for the exams. 4. Have you heard about Peter ? What’s the matter ? / What happened ? / I think he is all right . He is going abroad one of these days. 5. I am not very well today Have you got caught cold ? / have you got temperature ? / Can I help you ?/ You’d better go home and take some medicine / Are you off color?/ You must have run down Is there any mineral water in the … I’m afraid there isn’t any. I’ve just had the last bottle./ I’m sorry , but there isn’t any. / I hope there is. I bought it today. Are you good at computers ? / A user or more ? / I’m afraid not, but I’m working hard at the moment. I hope to become a good user of it soon / Do you mind if I / open the window / smoke … / That would be fine / I’ll be much obliged / No, thank you / Please , don’t / Don’t bother , I’ll manage it. / Not at all at the moment . / I wouldn’t mind Could you tell me the time , please ? I’m sorry , I don’t know. I don’t have a watch. / Oh , yes. It’s exactly … / It is nearly … Are you sure your watch is right ? Yes , certainly / I’m not sure. My watch is slow ( fast ) / I forgot to wind the clock / watch . Could you tell me the way to … ? Go straight on / Follow the signs / It’s a long way from here / It’s quite a distance from here / You are going in the opposite direction / take the second turning on your left / Certainly , with pleasure / Could you give me a lift ? Could you pass me the book / the salt .../ Most willingly / Here you are. / That goes without saying / Certainly… I’m looking forward to pass you it. When does the train / arrive ? When did the plane arrive / take off ? at 11 p.m. Thanks a lot. You are always welcome / That was a pleasure / No trouble at all / I’m glad you liked it / I’m the one who ought. Your new hairdo / haircut / bag / skirt , etc. looks nice Do you really like it? / Thank you for the compliment / You are flattering me / Thank you for telling me about it. / I like it myself. What does your best friend do ? He works in the bank. 16. Where do you usually go on holiday ? I go surfing , skiing / I go camping in the mountains / I go on a cruise / I go for a boat trip on the lake. / What about this year ? / You could take my umbrella . No , thank you. I’ve got my own / The rain has stopped / I’ll be very thankful to you / Could I ? It would be very kind of you. Do you think I should buy this hat / go for a boat trip / ? I don’t know. It’s up to you to decide. / Don’t risk it / Think twice before you go. I can’t wait any longer - let’s … You may go then / let’s take a taxi / let’s phone Mike / let’s hurry I can’t find my pen anywhere . You must have lost it / take my one / It’s no great loss to you / It serves you right / That isn’t typical for you ? Why didn’t you come yesterday ? Sorry … I was invited to the party / I’m awfully sorry , but it passed (went) out from my mind. / I didn’t feel well / I was very busy / I was completely run down ( worn out ) / 21. Mary is 22 today . Really ? My congratulations to her / Is she having a birthday party tonight ? She has failed at the exams . Bad luck. What went wrong ? / Oh, I see. Well , all I can say is better luck next time . What has happened to Mary ? She has failed at the exams. / She has lost her job. / She got married not long ago. 24. Are you hungry / thirsty / cold / tired …/ ? Yes , I’d like something to drink / to eat / I’m hungry as a hunter / It’s very hot in here / I’m not feeling well today / would you mind closing the door, please ? / Yes , I’ve completely worn out. 25. John says he can’t come It’s so typical of him / The same old story / That’s all we need / I wish he could / I’m sick and tired of it. 26. I bought a ticket for you. That’s great . I’ll go and get dressed at once / It’s very kind (nice) of you / It’s very considerate of you. Wonderful , it’s Friday at last ! Have a nice weekend / What are your plans ? / Have a nice time / A very enjoyable weekend to you . Do you know where the nearest bank is ? ( as in p. 8 ) They said they could lend us some money. It would be wonderful. / I appreciate your concern for me / It’s very considerate of them / it does them credit / Good idea 31. You will have to help Ted with his job. That goes without saying. As you say / I don’t mind / What are you driving at ? / Not me / What’s the rush ? / All in good time / I hate to / I’m looking forward to … 30. Do you know that Napoleon was afraid of the cats ? / one hundred years ago people travelled by train ? / didn’t watch TV ? / didn’t travel by plane ? / made telephone calls ? / listened to records ?/ didn’t write with ball - point pens ?/ It’s incredible ! / Really ? I don’t believe . |
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